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Louisiana State University

Coordinates: 30°24′52″N 91°10′42″W / 30.4145°N 91.17826°W / 30.4145; -91.17826
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(Redirected from Louisiana State)
"Louisiana State" redirects here. For the U.S. state, see Louisiana.
"LSU" redirects here. For other uses, see LSU (disambiguation).
Louisiana State University Agricultural and Mechanical College
Former names
Seminary of Learning of the State of Louisiana (1853–1861)
Louisiana State University Agricultural & Mechanical College (1874–1877)
University of Louisiana (1913–1921)
Louisiana State University (1860–1913; 1922–1963)
TypePublic land-grant research university
EstablishedJanuary 2, 1860; 165 years ago (January 2, 1860)[1]
Parent institution
Louisiana State University System
AccreditationSACS
Academic affiliations
Endowment$664.20 million (2023)
(LSU only)[2]
$1.06 billion (2023)
(system-wide)[3]
PresidentWilliam F. Tate IV
ProvostRoy Haggerty
Academic staff
1,500[4]
Administrative staff
5,000[4]
Students37,354 (fall 2022)[5]
Undergraduates31,059[5]
Postgraduates6,295[5]
Location
Baton Rouge
,
Louisiana
,
United States

30°24′52″N 91°10′42″W / 30.4145°N 91.17826°W / 30.4145; -91.17826
CampusMidsize city, 4,925 acres (1,993 ha)
NewspaperThe Daily Reveille
ColorsPurple and gold[6]
   
NicknameTigers and Lady Tigers
Sporting affiliations
MascotMike the Tiger
Websitelsu.edu
Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
LocationHighland Road, Baton Rouge
Coordinates30°24′52″N 91°10′42″W / 30.4145°N 91.17826°W / 30.4145; -91.17826
Area95 acres (38 ha)
Built1920s
Built byWorks Progress Administration
ArchitectTheodore C. Link; Wogan & Bernard; Weiss, Dreyfous & Seiferth; Neild, Somdal & Neild
Architectural styleItalian Renaissance
NRHP reference No.88001586[7] (original)
100010174 (increase)
Significant dates
Added to NRHPSeptember 15, 1988
Boundary increaseApril 10, 2024

Louisiana State University (officially Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, commonly referred to as LSU) is an American public land-grant research university in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States.[8] The university was founded in 1860 near Pineville, Louisiana, under the name Louisiana State Seminary of Learning & Military Academy. The current LSU main campus was dedicated in 1926 and consists of more than 250 buildings constructed in the style of Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio, occupying a 650-acre (260 ha) plateau on the banks of the Mississippi River.

LSU is the flagship university of the state of Louisiana, as well as the flagship institution of the Louisiana State University System. In 2021, the university enrolled over 28,000 undergraduate and more than 4,500 graduate students in 14 schools and colleges. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".[9] LSU operates some 800 sponsored research projects funded by agencies such as the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.[10][11] LSU is one of eight universities in the United States with dental, law, veterinary, medical, and Master of Business Administration programs.[12]

21st century

[edit]

After Hurricane Katrina, LSU accepted 2,300 displaced students from schools in the greater New Orleans area such as Tulane University, Loyola University New Orleans, Xavier University of Louisiana, and the University of New Orleans. The Pete Maravich Assembly Center was converted into a fully functional field hospital, with approximately 3,000 student volunteers.[23]

In 2012, LSU was censured by the American Association of University Professors for firing Professor Ivor van Heerden after he made comments critical of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for their design and construction of the levees that broke following Hurricane Katrina.[24][25]

In 2013, F. King Alexander was named President of Louisiana State University.[26]

In fall 2020, LSU broke its record for the most diverse and largest freshman class in history. Of the record 6,690 freshmen, more than 30% identified as students of color, African-Americans made up the most at 16.8%. Additionally, LSU reached its all-time highest enrollment at 34,290 undergraduate and graduate students.[27]

William F. Tate IV was named the new president of the university on May 6, 2021, effective in July. He is the first African-American president in LSU's history[28] and the first African-American president in the SEC.[29]

Sexual misconduct controversies

[edit]

A November 2020 investigative report in USA Today accused LSU of mishandling sexual misconduct claims against LSU football players.[30][31] LSU hired Husch Blackwell LLP to review policies in response to the report.[32] Husch Blackwell released a 262-page report[33] in March 2021 confirming the USA Today story, adding that the problems within LSU went far beyond the allegations detailed in the investigation, with many of the problems being widespread across the university.[34][35] In the fallout of the report, former LSU Tigers football coach Les Miles and former LSU president F. King Alexander were forced to resign from their jobs at the University of Kansas and Oregon State University, respectively.[36][37][38]

In February 2021, the US Department of Education announced a formal, federal investigation will be conducted on the university's reported mishandling of sexual misconduct cases; specifically on possible violations of the Clery Act.[39] In April 2021, the Department of Education announced the opening of a second federal investigation where LSU's handling of student complaints of sexual assault and harassment from the 2018–2019 academic year to the present will be analyzed.[40]

Two months later, seven women filed a federal class-action lawsuit against LSU and its leadership based on their inability to report their incidents to the university's Title IX office.[41] The seven women were six former students (three of whom were part of the women's tennis team at LSU and two of whom were student employees in the football recruiting office) and one current student. In June 2021, football coach Ed Orgeron was added as a defendant to the Title IX lawsuit, alleging that Orgeron was aware of and failed to report the rape allegation of former running back Derrius Guice.[42]

LSU's Assistant Athletic Director of Football Recruiting and Alumni Relations, Sharon Lewis, also filed a $50 million federal lawsuit against the university for years of harassment for her attempts to report sexual misconduct allegations against players, coaches, and athletic officials.[43] In January 2022, Lewis' legal team alleged that the university had violated Louisiana's whistleblower law, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission guidelines, and Title IX as Lewis was fired in retaliation for her lawsuit.[44][45] In July 2022, the trial date for Lewis' lawsuit was scheduled for May 22, 2023, while the joint lawsuit filed by the LSU students was scheduled for June 26, 2023.[46] In December 2023, a federal jury dismissed all the claims in Lewis' lawsuit.[47][48]

In October 2023, as a result of federal lawsuit linked to LSU's tennis program, a judge sanctioned the university due to the data of university-issued phones that once belonged to former tennis coaches, Julia and Michael Sell, being deleted after they left the school.[49] Both coaches were accused of failing to act on reports of sexual assaults they received from students which were communicated electronically.

Corporate influence on research controversy

[edit]

An April 2024 investigative report co-published in The Guardian and The Lens, a non-profit newsroom in New Orleans, found that LSU gave corporations robust powers to review and influence academic research and coursework at the university in exchange for donations.[50][51]

Records show that the university granted Shell a seat on the board of the LSU Institute for Energy Innovation, including the right to vote on the Institute's research activities and to review study output, following a donation by Shell of $25 million in 2022, and that LSU's fundraising arm, the LSU Foundation, circulated a boilerplate document offering similar privileges to other companies in exchange for a $5 million investment in the Institute.[50][51]

The university also offered "strategic partner"-level privileges, which included voting rights on research activities at the Institute, in exchange for at least a $1.25 million investment, with ExxonMobil becoming the Institute's first "strategic partner"-level donor and at least eight other companies having discussed similar deals with LSU, according to a "Partnership Update" that LSU sent to ExxonMobil in August 2023.[50][51]

Records also show that a representative from Shell helped to shape the curriculum of the six courses under the Institute's Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage concentration, as well as representatives from BP, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, and ExxonMobil.[50][51]

Former LSU journalism professor Robert Mann labeled the ability of oil companies to vote on research agendas "an egregious violation of academic freedom," and Jane Patton, an LSU alumna and US Fossil Economy Campaign Manager at the Center for International Environmental Law, referred to the practice as "a gross misuse of the public trust.”[50][51]

In response, Brad Ives, the director of LSU Institute for Energy Innovation, defended the partnerships, characterizing the claim that "having corporate funding for research damages the integrity of that research" as being "a little far-fetched," and arguing that what the Institute is doing is no different from similar institutes across the US.[50][51]

Campus

[edit]
Foster Hall, as seen from Troy H. Middleton Library
LSU historical enrollment[52]
YearPop.±%
1860 19—    
1861 73+284.2%
1928 1,800+2365.8%
1936 6,000+233.3%
2002 31,582+426.4%
2003 31,234−1.1%
2004 31,561+1.0%
2005 33,264+5.4%
2015 31,527−5.2%
2017 30,863−2.1%
201931,761+2.9%
202034,290+8.0%

The LSU campus sits on 1,000 acres (8.1 km2) just south of downtown Baton Rouge. Most of the university's 250 buildings, most of which were built between 1925 and 1940, occupy a 650-acre (2.6 km2) plateau on the banks of the Mississippi River.

Link collaborated with Wilbur Trueblood on the project but remained faithful to the campus the Olmsted firm had designed. Unfortunately, Link died in 1923 before the plan was completed. New Orleans architects Wogan and Bernard completed Link's work and the campus was dedicated on April 30, 1926.[53]

Under Huey Long, the governor from 1928 to 1932, LSU "more than doubled its enrollment despite the Great Depression; its standing had risen to Grade A; dormitories and buildings for departments of music, dramatic arts, and physical education had been completed; other buildings were soon to start, and costs of attendance had been lowered within the reach of many."[54]

Nine LSU buildings, including the library and the academic buildings for dairying and physics, were constructed by George A. Caldwell, a native of Abbeville. Caldwell designed twenty-six public buildings in Louisiana.[55]

The campus is known for the 1,200 live oak trees that shade the ground of the university.[4]

Historic district

[edit]
The LSU Campus Mounds are estimated to be over 5,000 years old.

Fifty-seven resources on the LSU campus were listed in the 95 acres (38 ha) Louisiana State University Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places on September 15, 1988.[7] Forty-six of the enlisted resources were considered contributing buildings and structures.[56][57] The campus is protected by the State Capital Historic District Legislation.[58]

The LSU Campus Mounds, which are part of a larger mound group spread throughout the state, are near the northwestern corner of the campus and were built an estimated 5,000 years ago. They were individually enlisted in the National Register of Historic Places on March 1, 1999.[59][60]

Campus housing

[edit]

On-campus housing options include on-campus apartments (East Campus Apartments, West Campus Apartments, and Nicholson Gateway Apartments), Annie Boyd Hall, Evangeline Hall, the Agricultural Residence College, the Engineering Residential College, the Business Residential College, Broussard, Acadian, Beauregard, Blake, Cypress, Herget, Highland, Jackson, LeJeune, McVoy, Miller, Taylor, East Laville, and West Laville.[61]

Museums

[edit]
The Shaw Center for the Arts houses the LSU Museum of Art.

The LSU Museum of Art shares the Shaw Center for the Arts with many cultural partners including the LSU School of Art Gallery, LSU's Laboratory for Creative Arts and Technology, the Manship Theatre, and the Community School for the Arts of the Arts Council of Greater Baton Rouge.[62] There is also the LSU Museum of Natural Science, LSU Rural Life Museum, and Louisiana Museum of Natural History on campus.

Other campuses

[edit]

Other Louisiana State University campuses include the LSU Agricultural Center, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU of Alexandria, LSU Shreveport, LSU Eunice, LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans and LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport.

The University of New Orleans was a member of Louisiana State University from 1958 until 1963 as LSUNO and under its own name from 1974 until 2011, when it was transferred to the University of Louisiana System by the Louisiana Legislature.[63]

LSU owns and operates the J. Bennett Johnston Sr. Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices (CAMD), which is a 1.3 GeV synchrotron radiation facility.[64]


Academics

[edit]

Undergraduate admissions

[edit]
Undergraduate admissions statistics
2021 entering
class[65]Change vs.
2016
Admit rate70.9%
(Neutral decrease −5.5)
Yield rate27.2%
(Decrease −12.4)
Test scores middle 50%
SAT Total1130–1300
ACT Composite23–29
  1. Among students who chose to submit
  2. Among students whose school ranked

The 2022 annual ranking of U.S. News & World Report categorizes LSU-Baton Rouge as "more selective".[66] For the Class of 2025 (enrolled fall 2021), LSU received 36,561 applications and accepted 25,907 (70.9%). Of those accepted, 7,045 enrolled, a yield rate (the percentage of accepted students who choose to attend the university) of 27.2%. LSU's freshman retention rate is 82.9%, with 69% going on to graduate within six years.[65][67]

The enrolled first-year class of 2025 had the following standardized test scores: the middle 50% range (25th percentile-75th percentile) of SAT scores was 1130–1300, while the middle 50% range of ACT scores was 23–29.[65]

Fall first-time freshman statistics [65] [68] [69] [70] [71] [72]
2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Applicants 36,561 28,960 24,501 24,280 17,907 18,122
Admits 25,907 21,252 18,272 18,024 13,236 13,843
Admit rate 70.9 73.4 74.6 74.2 73.9 76.4
Enrolled 7,045 6,701 6,132 5,812 4,917 5,475
Yield rate 27.2 31.5 33.6 32.2 37.1 39.6
ACT composite*
(out of 36) 		23–29 23–28 23–29 23–29 23–28 23–28
SAT composite*
(out of 1600) 		1130–1300 1080–1280 1090–1280 1070–1290 1060–1290 —
* middle 50% range

Colleges and schools

[edit]
LSU's campus with Tiger Stadium and the PMAC in the foreground
  • University College
  • Roger Hadfield Ogden Honors College
  • Pinkie Gordon Lane Graduate School[73]
  • Manship School of Mass Communication
  • School of Information Studies
  • School of Veterinary Medicine
  • College of the Coast & Environment
  • School of Social Work
  • Continuing Education

Laboratory school

[edit]
Main article: Louisiana State University Laboratory School

The university operates the Louisiana State University Laboratory School, a kindergarten through 12 public school.[74]

Farm

[edit]
Hill Farm Community Garden

Notable alumni

[edit]
Main article: List of Louisiana State University alumni

LSU athletes have gone on to achieve prominence in their respective sports. "Pistol" Pete Maravich played basketball for LSU and was a three-time consensus first-team All-American and 1970 National 'Player of the Year'. Shaquille O'Neal ("Shaq") also played basketball for LSU and received many honors, including being named twice as a first-team Men's Basketball All-American and twice as the SEC Player of the Year. Billy Cannon played Halfback for LSU and was the first LSU player to win the Heisman Trophy (in 1959), the second being Joe Burrow (in 2019). Cannon was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2009. JaMarcus Russell, Oakland Raiders quarterback number 1 draft pick of 2007.[120] Professional golfer Johnny Pott, five-time winner on the PGA Tour, was a member of the 1955 NCAA winning golf team. Teammates Alex Bregman and Aaron Nola were both 2018 Major League Baseball All-Stars.

LSU alumni have also been active on both the national and international stage in the fields of politics, academia, and the arts. Such notables include Mike Johnson, who has served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives since October 2023. James Carville, who was the senior political adviser to Bill Clinton, and Donna Brazile, the campaign manager of the 2000 presidential campaign of Vice President Al Gore, both earned bachelor's degrees. Hubert Humphrey, the 38th vice president of the United States, earned a master's degree in political science before becoming the junior United States senator from Minnesota. Linda Thomas-Greenfield, a United States ambassador to the United Nations appointed by President Joe Biden in 2021, earned a BA in 1974. Randy Moffett, president of the University of Louisiana System and former president of Southeastern Louisiana University, received his Ed.D. from LSU in 1980. Academy Award-winning actress Joanne Woodward majored in drama during her enrollment at LSU.[121][122] Author and screenwriter Nic Pizzolatto, creator of True Detective, graduated from LSU with a BA English & Philosophy. Singer-songwriter, Addison Rae, known for her single Diet Pepsi and collaborations with Charli XCX, also attended the University before moving to Los Angeles after her sophomore year. Queer romance author Casey McQuiston, best known for their best selling novel Red, White & Royal Blue, graduated from LSU with a degree in journalism. Another writer who graduated from LSU was Marcelo Ramos Motta, a noted author on the subject of Thelema. The rock band Better Than Ezra also are LSU graduates.

America's early space program benefited from the services of two LSU graduates. Maxime Faget was a Naval reserve officer and the NASA engineer responsible for the design of the Mercury Capsule, Apollo Command Module, Capsule Escape Tower System, Mach Meter, and STS Space Shuttle Orbiter Vehicle and System. NASA pioneer/founder Walter C. Williams established what is now known as NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, previously known as Muroc Army Station. Williams was directly involved with the Bell X-1 program, "Glamorous Glennis", research flights that led to the first crewed flight exceeding the speed of sound in level flight. Williams was on the Aeronautical Board of NACA and was responsible for hiring many of the pioneers of what is now NASA. Michael I. Jordan, Professor of Computer Science at UC Berkeley, is also an LSU alumnus.[4][123]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • "LSU MOA: About". Louisiana State University. 2000. Archived from the original on February 5, 2009. Retrieved September 10, 2009.
  • "LSU Museum of Natural Science". Louisiana State University. 2000. Archived from the original on August 14, 2009. Retrieved September 10, 2009.
  • "LSU Museum Of Rural Life: About". Louisiana State University. 2000. Archived from the original on May 17, 2008. Retrieved September 10, 2009.
  • "LSU Museum of Natural History: Information". Louisiana State University. 2000. Archived from the original on September 2, 2006. Retrieved September 10, 2009.
  • "LSU Museums". Louisiana State University. April 4, 2002. Archived from the original on September 2, 2006. Retrieved October 11, 2009.
  • "LSU: About the Libraries". Louisiana State University. 2000. Archived from the original on July 10, 2009. Retrieved August 20, 2009.
  • "Greek Organizations at LSU". Louisiana State University. 2009. Archived from the original on August 16, 2009. Retrieved September 10, 2009.
  • "Overview of the Campus Environment". LSU Office of Facility Services. October 12, 2009. Archived from the original on September 19, 2004. Retrieved September 4, 2009.
  • Thomas, Charles (March 8, 1999). "African Americans in Baton Rouge". Louisiana State University. Archived from the original on January 10, 2010. Retrieved October 10, 2009.
  • "Louisiana State University". Huey Long Legacy Project. 2009. Retrieved August 19, 2009.

Informational notes

  1. ^ Other consists of multiracial Americans and those who prefer to not say.
  2. ^ The percentage of students who received an income-based federal Pell grant intended for low-income students.
  3. ^ The percentage of students who are a part of the American middle class at the bare minimum.

Citations

  1. ^ "About LSU". LSU Division of Strategic Communications. September 4, 2015. Retrieved October 10, 2009.
  2. ^ As of June 30, 2023. "LSU Board of Supervisors Meeting Agenda" (PDF). LSU Board of Supervisors. April 26, 2024. Retrieved July 12, 2024.
  3. ^ As of June 30, 2023. "U.S. and Canadian 2023 NCSE Participating Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2023 Endowment Market Value, Change in Market Value from FY22 to FY23, and FY23 Endowment Market Values Per Full-time Equivalent Student" (XLSX). National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO). February 15, 2024. Archived from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved July 12, 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d "About LSU". Louisiana State University. September 4, 2015. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
  5. ^ a b c "LSU SHATTERS RECORDS WITH FALL ENROLLMENT, QUALITY OF INCOMING CLASS" (Press release). LSU Media Center. September 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  6. ^ "Brand Guidelines: Colors". LSUAthletics.LingoApp.com. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
  7. ^ a b "National Register Information System – (#88001586)". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. November 2, 2013.
  8. ^ "Louisiana State University". Louisiana State University. October 3, 2009. Retrieved October 12, 2009.
  9. ^ "Carnegie Classifications Institution Lookup". carnegieclassifications.iu.edu. Center for Postsecondary Education. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
  10. ^ "A Welcome from the Vice Chancellor". LSU Office of Research & Economic Development. August 27, 2009. Archived from the original on June 9, 2008. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
  11. ^ Higgns, John. "Louisiana State University". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved October 3, 2009.
  12. ^ "Leaders in Every Field". www.lsu.edu. Retrieved January 8, 2020.
  13. ^ Bergeron, Arthur (1996). Guide to Louisiana Confederate Military Units, 1861–1865. LSU Press. ISBN 0-8071-2102-9.
  14. ^ Jordan Blum. "LSU traces its roots to Pineville". print2webcorp.com. Archived from the original on February 8, 2016. Retrieved January 10, 2016.
  15. ^ Ruffin, Thomas; Jackson, Jo; Hebert, Mary (2002). Under Stately Oaks: A Pictorial History of LSU. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. pp. 3–7. ISBN 0-8071-2682-9.
  16. ^ a b "Quick Facts: Academics and Research". Louisiana State University. July 9, 2009. Archived from the original on May 17, 2009. Retrieved August 19, 2009.
  17. ^ Flemming, Walter (1936). Louisiana State University, 1860–1896. Louisiana State University Press. pp. 170–184.
  18. ^ "Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College, "Gumbo Yearbook, Class of 1913" (1913). Gumbo Yearbook. 17. digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gumbo/17 p. 91". lsu.edu. [permanent dead link]
  19. ^ https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/mwg-internal/de5fs23hu73ds/progress?id=pClHVJaqvH95POPytmxnoKtOYFiPBXWuGL-32Rw2sO8,&dl [permanent dead link] Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College, "Gumbo Yearbook, Class of 1909" (1909). Gumbo Yearbook. 11. p. 140
  20. ^ Hebert, Mary (1995). "Remembering the Scandals". Oral History Newsletter. Vol. 3, no. 2. Archived from the original on August 4, 2005.
  21. ^ "U.S. Naval Administration in World War II". HyperWar Foundation. 2011. Retrieved September 29, 2011.
  22. ^ "About LSU Honors College". Louisiana State University. October 16, 2009. Retrieved October 11, 2009.
  23. ^ "Classes resume at LSU after Katrina". CNN News. September 7, 2005. Retrieved August 19, 2009.
  24. ^ Kissel, Adam (June 22, 2012). "AAUP Censures Louisiana State for Firing Professor Who Spoke Out about Hurricane Katrina | The Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression". www.thefire.org. Retrieved January 26, 2025.
  25. ^ LSU Faculty Senate. "Faculty Senate A&M Resolution 20-03: Pathway to Censure Removal" (PDF).
  26. ^ "F. King Alexander Biography". Louisiana State University. 2015. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
  27. ^ "LSU Shatters Records with Fall Enrollment, Retention Rates at an All-Time High". Louisiana State University (LSU). September 21, 2020. Retrieved February 28, 2022.
  28. ^ Ballard, Mark (May 6, 2021). "LSU picks next president; William F. Tate IV will be first Black man to lead university system". The Advocate. Retrieved May 7, 2021.
  29. ^ "LSU makes history with first Black president in SEC". May 7, 2021.
  30. ^ Jacoby, Kenny; Armour, Nancy; Luther, Jessica (November 16, 2020). "LSU mishandled sexual misconduct complaints against students, including top athletes". USA Today. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  31. ^ Vincent, Mykal (August 19, 2020). "REPORT: Two women claim Derrius Guice raped them at LSU". WAFB. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  32. ^ Houston, Matt; Vincent, Mykal (November 16, 2020). "LSU hires law firm to review policies after investigative report claims university mishandled sexual misconduct complaints against students, top athletes". WAFB. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  33. ^ Husch Blackwell Report (PDF). LSU Athletics (Report). March 3, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  34. ^ Hensley-Clancy, Molly (March 5, 2021). "LSU routinely mishandled sexual misconduct claims against football players, report finds". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  35. ^ Jacoby, Kenny; Armour, Nancy; Luther, Jessica (March 5, 2021). "Independent investigation finds that LSU routinely mishandled allegations of sexual misconduct". USA TODAY. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  36. ^ Low, Chris (March 8, 2021). "Les Miles out as Kansas Jayhawks' head football coach". ESPN. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  37. ^ Denney, Jarrid (March 23, 2021). "F. King Alexander resigns amid outrage from OSU community". Corvallis Gazette-Times. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  38. ^ Powell, Meerah (March 23, 2021). "OSU president resigns amid growing criticism over handling of LSU sexual misconduct allegations". Oregon Public Broadcasting. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  39. ^ Cutrone, Madelyn (April 15, 2021). "Department of Education opens two investigations into LSU's Title IX procedures". Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  40. ^ Coleman, Madeline (April 6, 2021). "LSU Facing Second Federal Investigation for Mishandling Title IX Cases". SI.com. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  41. ^ Dinich, Heather (April 26, 2021). "Seven women sue LSU, allege violations in how Title IX complaints were handled". ESPN.com. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
  42. ^ Coleman, Madeline (June 25, 2021). "LSU Football Coach Ed Orgeron Added as Defendant in Title IX Lawsuit". SI.com. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
  43. ^ Kemker, Austin (April 8, 2021). "LSU football employee files $50M lawsuit against board of supervisors, Les Miles, and others". WAFB.com. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
  44. ^ "Lawyers claim LSU fired athletics official Sharon Lewis, who sued department, in retaliation". ESPN.com. January 26, 2022. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
  45. ^ "LSU fired athletics official who sued department". Fox News. January 26, 2022. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
  46. ^ Riley, Koki (July 27, 2022). "Trial dates set for Sharon Lewis, LSU students' lawsuits against the university". Yahoo.com. Retrieved July 31, 2022.
  47. ^ Courville, Alece (December 19, 2023). "Federal jury dismisses claim against LSU by former athletic official". WAFB.com. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
  48. ^ "Jury dismisses lawsuit against LSU claiming retaliation". ESPN.com. December 20, 2023. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
  49. ^ "LSU sanctioned over missing texts in federal Title IX lawsuit; University says private lawyers are to blame". WBRZ.com. October 2, 2023. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  50. ^ a b c d e f Sneath, Sara (April 21, 2024). "Louisiana's flagship university lets oil firms influence research – for a price". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved May 8, 2024.
  51. ^ a b c d e f Sneath, Sara (April 19, 2024). "LSU's fossil-fuel partnerships". The Lens. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved May 8, 2024.
  52. ^ (LSU), Louisiana State University. "Full-Time and Part-Time Headcount Enrollment by Student Level and CollegePage Title". www.lsu.edu.
  53. ^ "The LSU Campus". Louisiana State University. January 2004. Archived from the original on July 16, 2008. Retrieved August 19, 2009.
  54. ^ Huey Pierce Long, Jr., Every Man a King: The Autobiography of Huey P. Long (New Orleans: National Book Club, Inc., 1933), p. 281.
  55. ^ "Caldwell, George A." Louisiana Historical Association, A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography (lahistory.org). Archived from the original on February 25, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  56. ^ "Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge" (PDF). State of Louisiana's Division of Historic Preservation. Retrieved May 9, 2018. with four photos and two maps
  57. ^ National Register Staff (July 1988). "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge". National Park Service. Retrieved May 9, 2018. With 42 photos from 1988
  58. ^ "LSU News & Publication". Louisiana State University. April 19, 2009. Archived from the original on July 8, 2010. Retrieved August 19, 2009.
  59. ^ "LSU Campus Mounds" (PDF). State of Louisiana's Division of Historic Preservation. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 11, 2018. Retrieved May 10, 2018. with two photos Archived 2018-05-11 at the Wayback Machine
  60. ^ Christopher T. Hays (November 1998). "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: LSU Campus Mounds". National Park Service. Retrieved May 10, 2018. With a photo from 1998
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Further reading

  • Bedsole, V. L.; Richard, Oscar, eds. (1959). Louisiana State University: A Pictorial Record of the First Hundred Years. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press. OCLC 19209800.
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